Catalog11 refs
LL-37
Immune ModulationimmuneHealing & RecoveryImmuneResearch use only
Educational use only. Not medical advice. Verify all information with primary sources and a licensed clinician before use.
Body Map
SkinCirculationJointsepithelial tissue
Overview
LL-37 is the only human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide, consisting of 37 amino acids beginning with two leucine residues. It is produced by immune cells (neutrophils, macrophages, epithelial cells) as part of the innate immune response and plays a critical role in first-line defense against bacterial, viral, and fungal infections. Beyond direct antimicrobial activity, LL-37 modulates inflammation, promotes wound healing, and influences adaptive immune responses.
Primary Uses
Antimicrobial activity against gram-positive, gram-negative bacteria, fungi, and enveloped viruses
May help prevent and disperse bacterial biofilms
Modulates inflammatory responses and cytokine production
Attracts monocytes, neutrophils, T cells, and mast cells to infection sites
Promotes keratinocyte migration, angiogenesis, and epithelialization for wound healing
May support tissue regeneration by affecting fibroblasts and endothelial cells
Antimicrobial defense against bacterial, viral, and fungal infections
Biofilm disruption
Wound healing
Inflammation modulation
LPS neutralization
Immune cell recruitment
Antimicrobial defense research
Wound repair
Biofilm and immune-signaling studies
Bone and periodontium regeneration
Oral cavity health and disease
Antibiofilm properties
NETosis involvement
Chronic venous leg ulcers
Diabetic foot ulcers
Pressure ulcers
Innate immune enhancement
Antimicrobial resistance
Immunomodulation
Epithelial cell proliferation
Angiogenesis promotion
Collagen synthesis
Antimicrobial activity
Immune modulation
Infections
Anticancer activity (laboratory models)
Host-defense against Helicobacter pylori
Protocol Reference
Dose
0.5–1.6 mg/mL
Frequency
Daily To Twice Weekly Based On Wound Type
Half-life
~30 Minutes (plasma)
Route
Topical · Injection
Evidence
Preclinical / Phase 2 / Well Studied (disputed)
Research References· 17
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20140902/
PubMedPMID 20140902- [https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1497871/](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1497871/)
Research Models
Human
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